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Via 3 Quarks Daily 3quarksdaily.blogs.com/3quark...el.html a paper by Martin Giesler www.mymacexperience.com/GieslerJCR1.pdf a version is published in the up-coming edition of The Journal of Consumer Research www.journals.uchicago.edu/JCR/home.html
Giesler presents ideas about gift systems from anthropology which have these systems providing an oppositional economy to that of market exchange. He notes that market research into gift giving has been restricted to dyadic relationships and that P2P file sharing systems have much in common with gift systems, but are not restricted to dyadic relationships.
The article is interesting to me for two reasons: First, probably minor, is that Giesler doesn't use the term "gift economy" rather explores gift systems as having implications for the market economy. Second, that while P2P filesharing shares attributes with gift systems as defined in anthropology and sociology, they move beyond the "organs" of social solidarity such as church, family and neighborhoods. He writes:
"[M]y findings locate solidarity in more separate, autonomous social segments of consumption connecting with other segments, no longer of necessity and mutual dependency but on the basis of individual choice."
Sometimes here at tribe.net nowadays I wonder, "Where are they now?" It seems to me that some of the previously most active participants here haven't been around much for about a year. Tribe provides good tools for finding solidarity-union of interest--but the more nomadic preferences of which segment of the gifting system people attach themselves.
Giesler presents ideas about gift systems from anthropology which have these systems providing an oppositional economy to that of market exchange. He notes that market research into gift giving has been restricted to dyadic relationships and that P2P file sharing systems have much in common with gift systems, but are not restricted to dyadic relationships.
The article is interesting to me for two reasons: First, probably minor, is that Giesler doesn't use the term "gift economy" rather explores gift systems as having implications for the market economy. Second, that while P2P filesharing shares attributes with gift systems as defined in anthropology and sociology, they move beyond the "organs" of social solidarity such as church, family and neighborhoods. He writes:
"[M]y findings locate solidarity in more separate, autonomous social segments of consumption connecting with other segments, no longer of necessity and mutual dependency but on the basis of individual choice."
Sometimes here at tribe.net nowadays I wonder, "Where are they now?" It seems to me that some of the previously most active participants here haven't been around much for about a year. Tribe provides good tools for finding solidarity-union of interest--but the more nomadic preferences of which segment of the gifting system people attach themselves.
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Re: P2P and The Gift Economy
Thu, June 22, 2006 - 5:51 PM"but the more nomadic preferences of which segment of the gifting system people attach themselves"
please excuse my imbecility,
but i don't quite understand this phrase.
could you please elaborate?
gracias. -
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Re: P2P and The Gift Economy
Thu, June 22, 2006 - 7:32 PMlittlefish, you are very kind to suggest the possibility that there is something more than imbecility to what is a sentence created by my feeble mind. Please excuse me.
I was interested that Martin Giesler's paper seems to be intended for an audience of marketers. He makes the case for a gift system operating within a community of consumers. He does so in quite technical language and my feeble brain struggled to wrap around the his arguments, still I thought there was something there and to share. You caught me in the fact my head hadn't caught up with the feeling there's something there.
Essentially I'm asking and wondering why tribe.net doesn't seem as appealing a community to participate as it did for many a year or two ago? That's quite possibly a dumb question in the first place.
The bit about nomadic preferences came from a part of the paper. It might be helpful for me to provide a snippet:
"At Napster, gift giving is organized in a polyadic fashion. Accordingly, the process of gift giving at Napster is not dialectical but "root-like" or rhisomatic."
"...Rhizomatic connections among Napster users are built spontaneously to initiate gift transactions, and they are terminated after the transactions."
"...Rhisomes, in turn lead to the permanent "rewiring" of Napster's social matrix of gift solidarity. While the repetitive transactions between the same gifting partners are also possible at Napster, the overall stability of Napster's system of gifts lends itself more to a nomadic principle than an exclusively sedentary one."
Tribe.net seems to me to have some of the same characteristics of a platform for a gift system around consumption. Giesler points towards gift systems as a means toward social solidarity. But there are many options on the Internet and the sort of solidarity he describes doesn't seem to provide much loyalty for the platform itself.
Probably dumb, my question really isn't where people who used to post often at tribe.net went, simply wondering why they left. More generally thinking Giesler is right that the Internet can help to create social solidarities and wondering where the platforms like Napster, Tribe, Flickr, etc. fit in terms of the social solidarities he outlines.
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Re: P2P and The Gift Economy
Mon, July 3, 2006 - 8:15 PMjohn,
it's not a dumb question, although one that i can not personally answer as i have only joined tribe recently.
i am very suspect about the possibility of a gift system operating with a community of consumers, unless one is able to expand/evolve the meaning of consumer/consumption into one analogous to the giving & receiving of gifts. baudrillard explored this concept way back in late 60's where he tried to integrate the gift as the missing link in economic systems theory. i think the internet, specifically the platforms you mentioned, is realizing his attempts at integration. let's explore...
why did something like friendster prove to be a passing fad, while flickr, tribe, and napster and its spawn survive and continue to thrive, even with rotating active membership? it seems obvious that this has to do with the opportunity for people to share, rather than simply consume, whether it be photos, music or ideas. it's encouraging us to be active & creative, rather than simply passive.
how does this fit it in with your question about why people leave the platform/community? well perhaps, those that have left have learned what they needed to learn in this regard and felt the platform/community too stagnant for them to continue contributing in a positive way. that's at least what i feel about burning man and i feel that b/m rightfully belongs in this grouping even though it exists in meatspace. that's only one theory however....
another reason could be the nature of the rhizome itself, specifically its unrelenting nomadic qualities. perhaps your question is a lesson in non-attachment and transience. this from wikipedia (another example):
Life has always seemed to me like a plant that lives on its rhizome. Its true life is invisible, hidden in the rhizome. The part that appears above the ground lasts only a single summer. Then it withers away—an ephemeral apparition. When we think of the unending growth and decay of life and civilizations, we cannot escape the impression of absolute nullity. Yet I have never lost the sense of something that lives and endures beneath the eternal flux. What we see is blossom, which passes. The rhizome remains. ~Carl Jung (Prologue from "Memories, Dreams, Reflections")
nonetheless, how do we achieve social solidarity within a rhizome? that is a very interesting question. have u ever read any deleuze? he was/is the wizard of rhizomes. i wish i could recall something he wrote regarding this question, but unfortunately can not. however, here's some interesting tangents i've dug up instead:
www.jeffvail.net/2005/07/r...g-and.html
wwwmcc.murdoch.edu.au/Reading...dels.htm
mokk.bme.hu/centre/conferences/reactivism/FP/fpJR
www.thing.net/~rdom/ecd/rhizomatic.html
apologies that these ideas are woefully incomplete fragments, but hopefully it stirs up some inspiration.
please feel free to respond should you capture any fragments in return... -
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Re: P2P and The Gift Economy
Fri, July 7, 2006 - 9:38 PMThanks for your post littlefish, and especially for the links.
Lots of people think quite clearly, and I'm glad for that. But I'm afraid my thinking isn't so clear; I'm always trying to discern the outlines of what others see so clearly through a haze--oh well, maybe it's just ignorance. I haven't read Deluze nor Deluze and Guattari. It's a little hard to avoid reading about Deluze spending time in discussion here at tribe.net. I also don't have a firm anti-capitalist position.
One of the things that intrigued me about the article I mentioned www.mymacexperience.com/GieslerJCR1.pdf was that it was in The Journal of Consumer Research. I don't read a lot of marketing journals, so maybe the language of French Theory is rather ordinary in them these days; but it struck me as odd. In the same way that this article about the US Air Force studying blogs did www.defenselink.mil/transfor...906b.html
A while back I had my Yahoo Messenger on and got a random message from a Chinese motorcycle salesman in Vietnam. Clearly the guy had had a rough day and was crying in his beer. What he found so difficult was that there were 13 other Chinese motorcycle companies going after the market in Vietnam. Oh and also he was missing his boyfriend terribly and feeling lonely. I know hardly anything about Vietnam or about Chinese motorcycles for that matter. So I was interested in his story. I was curious about how his motorcycles were differentiated from the motorcycles that the 13 other companies were offering in Vietnam.
I pointed out that BMW hosted via Web pages races and journeys of cyclists and did other things to forge solidarity among BMW owners and enthusiasts. I wasn't intentionally being mean, but I recognize stuff like that was hardly his job. His response was that all of the motorcycles were built to look like Japanese motorcycles and that even their names were take-off of Japanese names. Phil Jones in a recent blog post links to a talk by John Seely Brown supplylearner.wordpress.com/2006...rown/ which suggests that Asian cpompanies are rapidly moving to a new model of technological development.
I mention that conversation in re your suspicion about the possibility of a gift system operating with a community of consumers. Brand loyalty is suggestive that something like a gift system operates even within conventional commerce. I do think that P2P exchanges change the commercial landscape. The article maybe doesn't reveal that much, still it's interesting to see that marketers are exploring recent philosophical explorations in their quest to make sense of it.
www.wired.com/wired/archi.../people.html
"Previous industrial ages were built on the backs of individuals, too, but in those days labor was just that: labor. Workers were paid for their time, whether on a factory floor or in a cubicle. Today’s peer-production machine runs in a mostly nonmonetary economy. The currency is reputation, expression, karma, “wuffie,” or simply whim."
One of my interests in this particular tribe is was of using alternative money to measure and trade on the "currency of reputation" or what not. I notice that Yahoo Answers has set up a point system to encourage participation and that lots of commercial Web sites collect information about the community of users in various forms of reputation currencies. There's some porno bucks system for porn Web masters that has a great name which I can't remember as much as I try. I haven't figured out how to Google that, and search is my usual solution when I can't remember.
I found the skepticism in Joanne Richardson's paper generally useful. Okay like I say most of the time I'm just trying to see the outlines through the haze. But here's a snippet from that and then a rather off-the-wall comment about it:
"It’s useful to recall that a rhizome is a plant-life. When googling it, more than half the results will point to sites that offer gardening tips. And that might not be the most useful information to have for theorizing social relations. The question about whether the net is or is not rhizomatic should be replaced by other questions about whether and in what ways the internet can promote the autonomy and self-determination of those who use it. It is not a question of rhizomes but democratic structures."
I think "rhizomes" are a metaphor not an analogy. I'm rather more tolerant of drawing homologies from plant life than is Richardson.
Metaphors can be quite useful, but they can also lead research astray. A common metaphor for human immune function is that of "armies mobilized to fend off the alien invaders." Many researchers into immunology have discovered that it really isn't like that, but the metaphor is hard to break free from. "Four Models For Networks" wwwmcc.murdoch.edu.au/Reading...dels.htm addresses the hunt for metaphor. I'm quite sympathetic to the search for a metaphor, and it seems to me that the crux of the reason for the search is how to explain things without a command from on high? ( "I shit on your revolutionary vanguards!" ) For some reason nonetheless I can't seem to get too enthusiastic over arguments about which metaphor to use; rather more enjoy toying around with various metaphors. And I think that rhizomes are a powerful metaphor.
There are some fragments; not enough to make a pair of Dutchman's breeches, as my grandmother used to say;-) Here are a few links you may find interesting:
YouTube clip of Foulcault/ Chomsky debate www.youtube.com/watch
Part 2 www.youtube.com/watch
Simon Tormey articles homepage.ntlworld.com/simon.t...les.html
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